European cannabis legalization and international growth

2025 brought incremental legalization or medical frameworks in multiple jurisdictions, including Czechia, Malta, Poland, Switzerland and Luxembourg, broadening the investable global footprint.

This continental momentum has directly boosted North American producers through export ramps and licensing deals, with Canadian licensed producers capturing 43 percent of Germany’s Q2 imports alone.

The country’s CanG framework and adult‑use reform, which came into effect in April 2024, have made it Europe’s most important legal market, with 2025 medical sales expected to see explosive year-on-year growth.

Investor takeaway

2025 marked a transformative year for cannabis, with regulatory breakthroughs and market maturation set against the backdrop of volatility. Trump’s execuctive order has brought new life into the sector in the US with the promise of not only banking and tax relief, but also bipartisan momentum for normalization; however, investors remain cautious.

“Everybody is waiting for it to be real and for it to be completed. Because even though we think the executive order was huge … nothing’s complete yet. Nothing’s official yet,” explained Ahrens.

Looking to 2026, he emphasized that the path forward for cannabis isn’t a straight line, but rather a series of volatile ‘waves’ tied to incremental regulatory milestones. Ahrens anticipates that while the finalization of Schedule III should trigger an initial move, it is merely the first domino; subsequent upside depends on the DoJ providing clear guidance for state-legal adult-use programs and the eventual passage of banking reform.

While he does foresee cannabis stocks uplisting to major exchanges, and Big Pharma companies beginning to make acquisitions in the space, Ahrens remains cautious about timing, noting that even with a signed order, large institutional banks will likely keep the ‘blockade’ in place until the legal ink is truly dry.

Ultimately, while 2025’s executive action has established a concrete foundation for federal reform in the US, the cannabis sector remains poised in a state of high-stakes volatility, with its full maturation dependent on official completion of milestones in 2026 and beyond.

1. Stria Lithium (TSXV:SRA)

Year-to-date gain: 708.33 percent
Market cap: C$19.11 million
Share price: C$0.48

Stria Lithium is a Canadian exploration company focused on developing domestic lithium resources to support the growing demand for electric vehicles and lithium-ion batteries. The company’s flagship Pontax Central lithium project spans 36 square kilometers in the Eeyou Istchee James Bay region of Québec, Canada.

Cygnus Metals (TSXV:CYG,ASX:CY5,OTCQB:CYGGF) has an earn-in agreement with Stria to earn up to a 70 percent interest in Pontax Central. Cygnus completed the first stage in July 2023, acquiring a 51 percent interest by investing C$4 million in exploration and issuing over 9 million shares to Stria.

In May 2025, Stria and Cygnus agreed to extend the second stage of Cygnus’s earn-in agreement on the Pontax Central lithium project by 24 months. The second stage involves a further C$2 million in exploration spending and C$3 million in a cash payment.

Through its joint venture with Cygnus, Stria has outlined a JORC-compliant maiden inferred resource for Pontax Central of 10.1 million metric tons grading 1.04 percent lithium oxide.

In March, Stria closed a non-brokered private placement for C$650,000. The funds will be used in part for the evaluation of new mineral opportunities, according to the company.

Shares of Stria registered a year-to-date high of C$0.50 on December 30, 2025, coinciding with lithium carbonate prices rising to a near 24 month high.

2. Consolidated Lithium Metals (TSXV:CLM)

Year-to-date gain: 350 percent
Market cap: C$20.51 million
Share price: C$0.045

Consolidated Lithium Metals is focused on acquiring, developing and advancing lithium projects in Québec. Its properties — Vallée, Baillargé, Preissac-LaCorne and Duval — are located within the spodumene-rich La Corne Batholith area, near the restarted North American Lithium mine, a key area in Canada’s growing lithium sector.

Consolidated Lithium started the year with a C$300 million private placement earmarked for working capital and general corporate purposes.

In July, the company commenced a summer exploration program at the Preissac project, excavating a 100 by 30 meter trench in an area with a known lithium soil anomaly, uncovering an 18 meter wide pegmatite body at surface.

At the end of August, Consolidated Lithium signed a non-binding letter of intent with SOQUEM, a subsidiary of Investissement Québec, to acquire an option to earn up to an 80 percent interest in the Kwyjibo rare earths project.

The project is located roughly 125 kilometers northeast of Sept-Îles in Québec’s Côte-Nord region.

Under the deal, which was finalized in November, Consolidated Lithium will become operator of the project and can earn an initial 60 percent stake over five years through a combined C$23.15 million in cash payments, share issuances and project expenditures.

A significant portion of those funds will be invested in advancing Kwyjibo through stages including negotiating and finalizing an agreement with the Innu of Uashat mak Mani-Utenam, a metallurgical study and environmental permitting.

Upon completion, the partners will form a joint venture, and Consolidated will have the option to increase its interest to 80 percent by investing C$22 million over a further three years.

An uptick in lithium prices in October helped Consolidated shares rally to a year-to-date high of C$0.06 several times between October 22 and November 3.

3. Lithium South Development (TSXV:LIS)

Year-to-date gain: 330 percent
Market cap: C$48.76 million
Share price: C$0.43

Canada-based Lithium South Development currently owns 100 percent of the HMN lithium project in Argentina’s Salta and Catamarca provinces, situated in the heart of the lithium-rich Hombre Muerto Salar.

The project lies adjacent to South Korean company POSCO Holdings’ (NYSE:PKX,KRX:005490) billion-dollar lithium development to the east.

Exploration has defined a resource of 1.58 million metric tons of lithium carbonate equivalent (LCE) at an average grade of 736 milligrams per liter lithium, with the majority in the measured category. A preliminary economic assessment outlines the potential for a 15,600 metric ton per year lithium carbonate operation.

In January 2024, Lithium South and POSCO signed an agreement to jointly develop the HMN lithium project. Under the deal, the companies will share production 50/50 from the Norma Edith and Viamonte blocks in Salta and Catamarca, resolving overlapping claims.

As for 2025, in June Lithium South’s shares tripled to C$0.30 after it received positive news regarding its environmental impact assessment.

Lithium South shared a huge update in July that changed its trajectory; the company received a non-binding cash offer of US$62 million from POSCO to purchase its lithium portfolio, including the HMN project.

POSCO would acquire Lithium South’s wholly owned subsidiary NRG Metals Argentina, which holds the HMN project and all of Lithium South’s other concessions, namely the Sophia I–III and Hydra X–XI claims.

The 60 day due diligence period concluded in late September, and on November 12, Lithium South announced a share purchase agreement to sell its Argentinian lithium portfolio to POSCO Argentina for US$65 million.

Company shares climbed to C$0.44 the next day, while its highest close of the year, C$0.45, came on December 24.

Lithium South officially signed the deal on December 8, with its closing subject to several approvals. Following the transaction’s completion, Lithium South plans to de-list from the TSXV and begin dissolution proceedings.

In connection with the news, the company intends to buy back all common shares at a price of C$0.505.

4. Standard Lithium (TSXV:SLI)

Year-to-date gain: 190 percent
Market cap: C$1.47 billion
Share price: C$6.15

Standard Lithium is a US-focused lithium development company advancing a portfolio of high-grade lithium brine projects with an emphasis on sustainability and commercial-scale production.

The company employs a fully integrated direct lithium extraction process and is developing its flagship Smackover Formation assets in Arkansas and Texas, including the South West Arkansas project. The projects are a partnership with Equinor ASA, under the 55/45 joint venture subsidiary Smackover Lithium.

In April, its South West Arkansas project was one of 10 US critical minerals projects designated for fast tracking under FAST-41.

On September 3, Standard Lithium reported results of its definitive feasibility study (DFS) for the South West Arkansas project. The DFS notes an initial capacity of 22,500 metric tons per year of battery-grade lithium carbonate, with first production targeted for 2028. The study outlines an operating life of over 20 years based on average lithium concentrations of 481 milligrams per liter, supported by detailed resource and reserve modeling. The company filed the DFS on October 14.

In late October, Standard Lithium reported the unanimous approval of the Arkansas Oil and Gas Commission for the company’s Integration Application for the project’s Reynolds brine unit, which is where the initial commercial phase of production is planned.

Standard is also actively exploring additional lithium brine opportunities in East Texas through the joint venture, and in November, Smackover Lithium filed the maiden inferred resource report for the Franklin project. The report highlights 2.16 million metric tons of LCE, 15.41 million metric tons of potash and 2.64 million metric tons of bromide contained in 0.61 square kilometers of brine volume.

The resource stands at an average lithium grade of 668 milligrams per liter, including a grade of 806 milligrams per liter at the Pine Forest 1 well, which the company states is North American’s highest concentration of lithium-in-brine.

The project covers roughly 80,000 acres, with 46,000 acres leased, and is poised to become the first phase in a broader East Texas expansion. Smackover Lithium ultimately aims to produce over 100,000 metric tons of lithium chemicals annually from its Texas operations.

On October 20, Standard closed a US$130 million underwritten public offering for 29,885,057 common shares, which will fund capital expenditures at the South West Arkansas project and the Franklin project.

Standard and Equinor ended the year advancing project financing for its South West Arkansas project, targeting up to US$1.1 billion in senior secured debt. The company has received over US$1 billion in combined interest from major export credit agencies, including the US EXIM Bank and Norway’s Eksfin.

The potential funds, alongside a US$225 million grant from the US Department of Energy, would support Phase 1 construction, which has an estimated US$1.45 billion in capital expenditures, FEED and feasibility study costs, and typical financing contingencies.

After climbing steeply starting in late September, the company’s shares hit a year-to-date high of C$7.64 on October 16.

5. Q2 Metals (TSXV:QTWO)

Year-to-date gain: 144.87 percent
Market cap: C$363.79 million
Share price: C$1.97

Exploration firm Q2 Metals is exploring three lithium properties — Cisco, Mia and Stellar — in the Eeyou Istchee James Bay region of Québec, Canada. Contained within the portfolio is the Mia trend, which spans over 10 kilometers, while the Stellar lithium property comprises 77 claims and located 6 kilometers north of the Mia property.

In 2024, Q2 Metals acquired Cisco lithium property and spent the rest of the year exploring the area. The work led to Q2 acquiring a 100 percent interest in 545 additional mineral claims, tripling its land position at the Cisco lithium property.

A subsequent company update reported that metallurgical testing on drill core from its 2024 exploration work confirmed that spodumene is the primary lithium-bearing mineral within pegmatite at the project.

The company performed multiple drill campaigns in 2025, including a winter diamond drilling program. Over the course of the year, Q2 defined an exploration target and reported a series of positive results from test work and drilling at the project.

The most recent announcement, released December 3, singled out results from drill hole 44 as the ‘widest continuous spodumene pegmatite interval’ identified at the property. The hole intersected 457.4 meters of continuous mineralization with an average grade of 1.65 percent lithium oxide.

‘Drill hole 44 further showcases the Cisco project as a globally significant hard rock lithium discovery. The results to date will underpin the inaugural Mineral Resource Estimate, which we expect to announce in the first quarter of 2026, as we continue to advance Cisco,’ wrote Alicia Milne, president and CEO of Q2 Metals.

The company’s share price began climbing in late October following the news that it added Keith Phillips, CEO of Piedmont Lithium from 2017 to 2025, to its board of directors.

Propelled by the board addition and the drilling results results, shares of Q2 Metals ended 2025 on a high note, registering a year-to-date high of C$1.95 on December 30.

Oil stocks react to Venezuela news

Despite the muted response in oil prices, US energy stocks rallied on Monday.

Shares of major oil producers and service companies surged during the trading session, lifting the energy sector to the top of the S&P 500 (INDEXSP:.INX), despite Brent changing hands near US$61.

Chevron (NYSE:CVX) stood out, with shares rising over 5 percent in extended trading after earlier gains of up to 8 percent, reflecting its status as the last major US oil company still operating in Venezuela under special licences.

Oilfield services firms SLB (NYSE:SLB) and Halliburton (NYSE:HAL) were up more than 9 percent at their highs, while refiners and producers such as Exxon Mobil (NYSE:XOM) and ConocoPhillips (NYSE:COP) adding more than 2 percent each. Collectively, US energy and refining stocks added over US$100 billion in combined market value within hours.

Beyond these share price reactions, American oil companies are now facing long-dormant questions tied to Venezuela’s nationalization of foreign oil assets in the 2000s.

The White House has signaled that affected companies will need to front significant capital to rebuild Venezuela’s degraded oil infrastructure if they hope to recover arbitration awards stemming from the Chávez-era expropriations.

ConocoPhillips is seeking to recover nearly US$12 billion in claims, while Exxon Mobil is pursuing roughly US$1.65 billion, according to published arbitration figures.

Oil market enters 2026 with supply fears

The political drama in Caracas has landed at an awkward moment for oil markets heading into 2026.

Market volatility was a defining feature of 2025. Brent crude traded between a high of US$81.86 and a low near US$59.41, while West Texas Intermediate ranged from US$78.99 per barrel to about US$55.56.

Cunningham also pointed to Trump’s shifting tariff policies as a source of uncertainty.

“We can see that Trump’s ‘Liberation Day’ tariffs pushed prices down to a level from which they’ve not recovered from,” he said, aside from a brief spike during last year’s Iran-Israel conflict.

However, not all analysts share these bearish views.

Josef Schachter, president and author at the Schachter Energy Report, argues that perceptions of abundant supply obscure tighter underlying fundamentals. Global floating inventories hover near a billion barrels, much of it tied up in “shadow fleets” off Iran, Russia and Venezuela, awaiting demand.

For oil markets, however, Venezuela remains more a symbol than an immediate supply lever. For now, the muted reaction appears to signal a consensus that even dramatic political change does not alter the near-term balance.

Investor Insight

Osisko Metals’ high-quality copper and zinc assets present a compelling investment opportunity amid a rapidly expanding critical and base metals market. North America is continuing to prioritize domestic mineral supply chains, and Osisko Metals is well-positioned with its two brownfield, past-producing assets in Canada: the Gaspé Copper project and the Pine Point zinc-lead project.

Overview

Osisko Metals (TSX:OM,OTC:OMZNF,FRANKFURT: 0B51) is an exploration and development company focusing on two base metal assets in Canada – Gaspé Copper and Pine Point – targeting copper and zinc, both critical minerals necessary for the global transition to clean energy. These assets are past-producing, brownfield projects of significant potential for future production.

The Gaspé Copper project in Québec has a rapid development plan to begin mining the indicated resource of 824 million tons (Mt) of ore grading 0.34 percent copper equivalent. As the gap between available copper supply and growing demand widens, Osisko Metals is well-positioned to help create and strengthen a domestic supply chain for the North American market.

The company’s Pine Point zinc-lead project in the Northwest Territories contains an indicated mineral resource estimate of 49.5 Mt at 4.22 percent zinc and 1.49 percent lead, in addition to significant inferred resources. Zinc is a necessary mineral for the clean energy transition and has important applications throughout the manufacturing industry. This widespread use of zinc has analysts cautioning about a looming supply shortage.

A preliminary economic assessment (PEA) completed in 2022 indicates the Pine Point project has the potential to become a world-class, high-grade zinc asset, with an after-tax net present value (NPV) of C$602 million and internal rate of return (IRR) of 25 percent. A feasibility study is now fully underway, and is expected to be completed in 2025.

In February 2023, Osisko Metals announced a C$100-million investment agreement with Appian Natural Resources Fund III for a joint venture on the Pine Point project. The agreement includes C$75.3 million of funding for the project and up to C$24.7 million in cash payments to Osisko Metals. In February 2024, Osisko Metals sold an additional 5 percent ownership interest in Pine Point Mining to a subsidiary of Appian for approximately C$8.33 million. Appian now has the right to earn up to 65 percent of the project, with Osisko Metals retaining 35 percent.

Pine Point Mining and the Town of Hay River have also signed a memorandum of understanding to seize opportunities for long-term sustainable growth for Hay River through the development and operations of the Pine Point mining project.

Led by a management team with a wide range of expertise throughout the natural resources industry and experience in geology, exploration, corporate finance and corporate administration, Osisko Metals is well-poised to become a world-class supplier of base metals.

Company Highlights

• Osisko Metals (OM) is focused on becoming a significant base metals producer by bringing two past-producing Canadian brownfield assets back into production: the Gaspé Copper project in Québec and the Pine Point zinc-lead project in the Northwest Territories.
• OM’s 100-percent-owned Gaspé Copper project is advancing rapidly with a fully funded 110,000-metre 2025 drill program and the goal of converting and expanding its large-scale NI 43-101 resource base.
• Copper Mountain hosts the largest undeveloped copper asset in Eastern North America, with an in-pit indicated resource of 824 million tonnes (Mt) grading 0.34 percent copper equivalent (CuEq) and an inferred resource of 670 Mt grading 0.38 percent CuEq. The resource contains 4.91 billion pounds of copper, 274 million pounds of molybdenum, and 46 million ounces of silver.
• The Pine Point project has the potential to become a top-ten global zinc producer, supported by updated 2024 resource estimates and a positive PEA. It is operated through a joint venture with Appian Natural Resources Fund III, which has the right to earn up to 65 percent of the project.
• A C$100-million investment agreement with Appian includes C$75.3 million in project funding and allows for a staged increase in Appian’s ownership. Osisko Metals retains a 35 percent interest.
• The 2022 PEA for Pine Point returned an after-tax IRR of 25 percent and an NPV (8 percent) of C$602 million, with clean, high-grade zinc and lead concentrates appealing to global smelters.
• A highly experienced management team with a successful track record of discovery, development and value creation is leading Osisko Metals’ transformation into a leading North American base metals developer.

Key Projects

Gaspé Copper Project

The Gaspé Copper project in Québec is among the most significant copper development projects in eastern North America. Osisko Metals completed the 100-percent acquisition of Gaspé Copper in July 2023 and has since launched a fully funded, 110,000-metre drill program. Québec is consistently ranked as a top-tier mining jurisdiction with supportive permitting processes and access to infrastructure.

Project Highlights:

• Significant Mineral Resource Estimate: The current NI 43-101 mineral resource estimate (effective November 2024) outlines an in-pit indicated resource of 824 Mt grading 0.34 percent copper equivalent and an inferred resource of 670 Mt grading 0.38 percent copper equivalent. Contained metals include 4.91 billion pounds of copper, 274 million pounds of molybdenum, and 46 million ounces of silver.
• Prolific Past Production: The historic Gaspé mine produced more than 141 Mt at 0.9 percent copper between 1955 and 1999 through both underground and open-pit mining. The site has undergone over C$150 million in reclamation, creating a well-positioned brownfield development opportunity.
• Robust Infrastructure: The site benefits from year-round road access, on-site hydroelectric power, proximity (under 100 km) to a deep-sea port in Gaspé, and remaining legacy infrastructure, including oxide stockpiles, administration buildings and a water treatment facility.
• 2025 Drill Program: The 110,000-metre drill campaign initiated in February 2025 targets both infill and expansion zones. Goals include upgrading inferred resources, extending mineralization up to 250 meters below the current pit shell, testing areas toward Needle East Mountain, and better delineating high-grade skarn zones (grading 0.5 to 3.0 percent copper). Recent results include:
  • Drill hole 30-1090 – 279.0 meters averaging 0.49 percent copper and 108.0 meters averaging 0.84 percent copper
    Drill hole 30-1075 – 258.0 meters averaging 0.33 percent copper including 15.6 meters averaging 1.47 percent copper

• Wide zones of new mineralization intersected southeast of the Copper Mountain pit, including skarn-hosted copper zones supporting potential for future resource expansion

• Copper Mountain Updated MRE: The latest resource estimate (Fall 2024) reflects a 53 percent increase in copper-equivalent content in the indicated category and a 100-fold increase in the inferred category compared to prior reports. A high-grade sub-resource of 520 Mt grading 0.54 percent copper equivalent has also been identified at higher cut-off grades.
• Acquisition of New Claims: In December 2024, Osisko Metals acquired 199 additional mineral claims adjacent to the Gaspé Copper property, expanding the project’s exploration footprint in a highly prospective area.

Pine Point Zinc-Lead Project

The Pine Point asset in the Northwest Territories is a brownfield site with legacy infrastructure and a clear path toward redevelopment. The site is supported by an on-site hydroelectric substation, paved access roads, and proximity to rail and port infrastructure.

Project Highlights:

• Joint Venture: Pine Point Mining, the project operator, is governed under a joint venture between Osisko Metals and Appian Natural Resources Fund III. The C$100-million agreement includes C$75.3 million in project funding and additional cash payments. In February 2024, Osisko Metals sold an additional 5 percent interest to Appian for C$8.33 million. Appian may earn up to 65 percent ownership; Osisko Metals retains 35 percent.
• High-grade Clean Concentrates: The project is expected to produce exceptionally clean zinc and lead concentrates, as confirmed by recent metallurgical testing. XRT sorting and flotation achieved recoveries of 87 percent for zinc and 93 percent for lead. Low deleterious element levels make Pine Point’s product highly attractive to smelters seeking premium concentrates.
• Promising Economics: The 2022 PEA outlines an average annual life-of-mine production of 329 million pounds of zinc and 141 million pounds of lead. It projects an after-tax NPV (8 percent) of C$602 million and an IRR of 25 percent. Estimated dewatering volumes were reduced by 30 percent compared to the 2020 PEA.
• 2024 Updated Mineral Resource Estimate:

• Indicated: 49.5 Mt grading 4.22 percent zinc and 1.49 percent lead (5.52 percent zinc equivalent), containing 4.6 billion lbs of zinc and 1.6 billion lbs of lead
• Inferred: 8.3 Mt grading 4.18 percent zinc and 1.69 percent lead (5.64 percent zinc equivalent), containing 0.7 billion lbs of zinc and 0.3 billion lbs of lead
• East Mill, Central, and North zones collectively hold ~36.2 Mt of indicated resources grading 5.22 percent zinc equivalent

• Community Support: Pine Point Mining Limited has secured support through collaboration agreements with Deninu K’ue First Nation and the Northwest Territory Métis Nation, and continues to work under a 2017 exploration agreement with K’atl’odeeche First Nation. A memorandum of understanding was signed in November 2024 with the Town of Hay River to promote long-term economic benefits and local participation.

Management Team

Robert Wares – Chief Executive Officer

A professional geologist with over 35 years of experience, Robert Wares co-founded Osisko Mining and led the discovery of the Canadian Malartic mine. He is a co-recipient of the PDAC’s “Prospector of the Year” (2007) and serves on the board of Brunswick Exploration.

John Burzynski – Executive Chairman

John Burzynski was CEO of Osisko Mining and led the discovery and sale of the Windfall project to Gold Fields for C$2.2 billion. He also co-founded Osisko Gold Royalties and helped develop Canadian Malartic. He is a fellow of the Royal Canadian Geographical Society, and is a co-recipient of the PDAC’s “Prospector of the Year” (2007)

Don Njegovan – President

Don Njegovan has over 30 years of experience in mining and capital markets. Formerly COO at Osisko Mining, he has also served as managing director, global mining at Scotiabank, and sits on the board of Cornish Metals.

Blair Zaritsky – Chief Financial Officer

BA CPA with over 20 years of experience, Blair Zaritsky was previously CFO of Osisko Mining. He has extensive audit and financial management experience with public companies listed on Canadian exchanges.

Jeff Hussey – Chief Operating Officer

Jeff Hussey, P.Geo., has over 40 years of professional experience in the exploration and mining industries. He has worked in both open pit and underground operations at various stages of mine life, from start-up to mine closure. Hussey has a Bachelor of Science in Geology from the University of New Brunswick. He has been a director of the company since 2017 and has held various management positions with Osisko Metals, most recently as CEO of the company’s subsidiary Pine Point Mining.

Amanda Johnston – Vice-president, Finance

Amanda Johnston is a CPA with more than two decades in the mining and audit sectors. She previously served as VP finance at Osisko Mining and is currently a director of Metalla Royalty & Streaming.

Alexandria Marcotte – Vice-president, Exploration

A registered P.Geo. in Ontario, Alexandria Marcotte has 15+ years of international experience in senior geological roles. She holds an Honours B.Sc. in Geology and an MBA from Schulich School of Business and currently serves as a director of Angel Wing Metals.

Lili Mance – Vice-president & Corporate Secretary

Lili Mance has 30 years of legal, compliance, and governance experience in the resource and financial sectors. She served as corporate secretary at Osisko Mining and is a long-standing member of the Governance Professionals of Canada.

Ann Lamontagne – Vice-president, Environment & Sustainable Development

A civil engineer with a Ph.D. in mining environment, Ann Lamontagne brings over 25 years of environmental consulting and permitting expertise, including work with Nouveau Monde Graphite and Troilus Gold.

Killian Charles – Strategic Advisor

President and CEO of Brunswick Exploration, Killian Charles previously led corporate development at Osisko Metals and worked as a mining analyst. He holds a degree in Earth & Planetary Sciences from McGill University.

Luc Lessard – Technical Advisor

Luc Lessard is a mining engineer with over 30 years of experience in construction and operation of major mines. He is CEO of Falco Resources and COO of Osisko Development, and played key roles in building Canadian Malartic.

Investor Insight

Equity Metals offers investors exposure to high-grade silver and gold discoveries in British Columbia through a dual-track strategy of expanding its flagship Silver Queen resource and advancing the newly acquired Arlington district.

Overview

Equity Metals (TSXV:EQTY,OTCQB:EQMEF,FSE:EGSD) is fast-tracking exploration at its 100 percent owned Silver Queen project in British Columbia, targeting resource expansion and derisking of one of the province’s most prospective high-grade polymetallic deposits. Located within the prolific Skeena Arch near the historic Equity Silver and Huckleberry mines, Silver Queen boasts an NI 43-101 compliant resource of 62.8 million ounces (Moz) silver equivalent (indicated) and 22.5 Moz silver equivalent (inferred), with 2024 drilling extending known zones and identifying new mineralized areas.

Complementing this is the Arlington gold-copper-silver project, a newly acquired district-scale, never-before drill-tested project located in southern BC’s Greenwood Mining Division.

Parameters for the NI 43-101 Compliant Mineral Resource Estimate are in the Appendix and in the EQTY News Release, dated Dec 1, 2022

Together, Silver Queen and Arlington offer a balanced exposure to high-grade polymetallic and gold-rich systems. The former provides near-term resource expansion and development optionality, while the latter opens up district-scale discovery potential.

In addition, Equity Metals holds interests in the Monument and WO diamond properties in the Lac de Gras region (Northwest Territories), proximal to the Diavik and Ekati mines, and the La Ronge silica project in Saskatchewan. These projects offer upside optionality for strategic partnerships or asset sales.

Company Highlights

• Flagship High-grade Project – Silver Queen: Over 85 million silver-equivalent ounces defined in the heart of BC’s Skeena Arch mineral belt, surrounded by Tier 1 infrastructure and historical producers.
• New Gold Discovery Potential – Arlington project: A district-scale, early-stage gold-copper-silver system with analogues to major past-producing skarn and vein-hosted mines in the region.
• Fully Funded for 2025: 9,000 meters of combined drilling is underway across both Silver Queen and Arlington with assay results expected to drive news flow through Q3 and Q4 2025.
• Experienced Management and Technical Team: Track record of discovery and mine development across North America, including the Penasquito and Eskay Creek mines and the Wind Mountain project.
• Exposure to Critical and Precious Metals: Balanced portfolio spanning silver, gold, copper and diamonds with optionality in battery materials (silica) and critical minerals.
• Mineral Resource Update: The Company anticipates issuing a resource update during early Q1/26.

Key Projects

Silver Queen Project

The Silver Queen project is Equity Metals’ 100 percent owned flagship asset located in central British Columbia’s prolific Skeena Arch, approximately 35 km south of Houston. This 18,871-hectare property consists of 17 crown-granted titles and 46 tenure claims in the Omineca Mining Division. Surrounded by past-producing and active mines, including the Equity silver mine, Berg, Endako and Mt. Milligan, the project benefits from established infrastructure such as roads, power and rail access.

Silver Queen hosts a high-grade polymetallic system featuring silver, gold, copper, lead and zinc mineralization. The project is underpinned by a robust NI 43-101 compliant resource estimate (as of December 2022) consisting of 62.8 million ounces (Moz) silver-equivalent (AgEq) in the indicated category grading 565 grams per ton (g/t) AgEq, and 22.5 Moz AgEq in the inferred category grading 365 g/t AgEq. This includes 3.46 million tons (Mt) of indicated resources averaging 189 g/t silver, 2.13 g/t gold, 0.24 percent copper, 0.6 percent lead, and 3.5 percent zinc, and 1.92 Mt of inferred resources grading 167 g/t silver, 0.82 g/t gold, 0.23 percent copper, 0.5 percent lead, and 2 percent zinc.

The mineralization occurs in multiple steeply dipping epithermal vein systems, subdivided into the No. 3, NG-3, Camp and Sveinson veins. Each exhibits distinct metal zonation – the Camp veins are silver-dominant, while the Sveinson, No. 3 and NG-3 show a stronger gold bias. Bonanza grades have been intercepted at multiple locations, including down-hole drill core intervals assaying up to 56,115 g/t silver over 0.3 metres in recent drill results. High sulphide and low sulphide vein environments have both been identified, suggesting a long-lived and multi-phase mineralizing event.

Since late 2020, Equity has completed 52,877 meters of drilling in 146 holes, targeting extensions and new zones of mineralization. In 2024 alone, four target areas – George Lake, Camp North, No. 3 North and Camp-Sveinson – were tested via 17,209 meters across 42 holes. Drilling resulted in the delineation of a 550-metre strike-length for mineralization in the George Lake target and a 400-metre strike-length for mineralization in the No. 3 North target. New precious and base metal assays from the Summer ’25 drill program continue to extend the projection of mineralization in the No. 3 vein beyond the limits of the 2022 resource estimate.

Metallurgical testing completed in both 1988 and 2022 yielded positive recoveries: 83 percent gold, 95 percent silver, 93 percent copper, 91 percent lead, and 98 percent zinc. A follow-up metallurgical program is planned to support preliminary development studies. With extensive underground development (~9 km of historic workings) and proximity to key infrastructure, the Silver Queen project is well positioned for advancement toward economic studies and ultimately, a potential strategic transaction.

Arlington Project

The Arlington project is a 3,584-hectare, early-stage exploration asset located in southern British Columbia’s Greenwood Mining Division, approximately 65 km south of Kelowna. The project sits within the prolific Quesnel Terrane and is accessible year-round via Highway 33 and a network of logging roads. The region hosts several historical producers including the Buckhorn, Phoenix, and Beaverdell mines, which have collectively yielded more than 2 Moz gold, 6 Moz silver and 500 Mlb copper.

Arlington encompasses multiple mineral occurrences and at least four deposit styles across a more than 5 km strike length. Historic and recent surface work has confirmed high-grade mineralization with rock samples returning values up to 11.67 g/t gold, 211 g/t silver, and 3.22 percent copper. The 2025 exploration program, currently underway, includes a 3,000-metre drill campaign primarily targeting the Fresh Pots gold-silver anomaly – a large (2 km x 1 km) intrusion-related gold system delineated by multi-element soil geochemistry and magnetic lows.

Other high-priority targets include:

• Rona Porphyry Target: A copper-molybdenum-gold system with pyroxenite intrusive-hosted mineralization. Rock chip assays have returned >1 percent molybdenum, 0.6 g/t gold, and 32.4 g/t silver. The area is characterized by a large copper-nickel soil anomaly and widespread argillic alteration in adjacent sedimentary rocks.
• Arlington Polymetallic Veins: A structurally controlled vein system with documented historic workings. Highlights include Arlington South (11.67 g/t gold, 3.22 percent copper) and Arlington North (1.86 g/t gold, 1.07 percent copper), suggesting vertical metal zonation and potential for stacked vein systems.
• Skarn and Replacement Targets: Notably at the Bru and Arlington zones, analogous to Buckhorn and Phoenix, where gold-copper magnetite skarns produced over 1 Moz historically.
• In early 2025, Equity Metals completed a property-wide airborne magnetic/radiometric survey and LiDAR mapping campaign to refine targeting. Soil and till geochemistry, IP surveying and mapping continue across the license area to delineate follow-up drill targets for 2026.

Management Team

Lawrence Page – Chairman and Director

A seasoned mining executive with over four decades of experience, Lawrence Page has helped finance and develop several major discoveries including Penasquito (Mexico), Eskay Creek and Hemlo. He brings strategic oversight and a deep network within the exploration and capital markets community.

Joseph A. Kizis Jr. – President and Director

With over 40 years of mineral exploration experience, Joseph Kizis has been instrumental in advancing gold, silver and base metal projects across North America. He is also president of Bravada Gold and has played key roles in advancing Wind Mountain in Nevada and Homestake Ridge in BC.

Robert W.J. Macdonald – VP Exploration

Robert Macdonald leads Equity Metals’ technical team and brings extensive epithermal and porphyry system expertise. His past project experience includes Homestake Ridge in BC and Cerro Las Minitas in Mexico, and he is the Qualified Person for all technical disclosures.

Killian Ruby – CFO and Director

As president and CEO of Malaspina Consultants and a former senior manager at KPMG LLP, Killian Ruby brings financial discipline, governance strength and tax expertise. He also serves as CFO for several junior resource companies.

John Kerr – Director

A professional engineer with five decades of exploration experience, John Kerr has contributed to the discovery and development of projects such as Santa Fe and Mindora in Nevada, and Frasergold in BC.

Courtney Shearer – Director

Courtney Shearer has served in executive and advisory roles with multiple Canadian mining companies, including San Gold Corporation, where he led strategic evaluations and project planning initiatives.

Arie Page – Corporate Secretary

Arie Page provides legal and corporate compliance support and has served as corporate secretary for numerous public companies within the Manex Resource Group.

Appendix:

Silver Queen Mineral Resource Estimate (NI 43-101 Compliant, Dec. 1, 2022) (C$100 NSR cut-off)

1. The current Mineral Resource Estimate was prepared by Garth Kirkham, P.Geo., of Kirkham Geosystems Ltd and Eugene Puritch, P. Eng., FEC, CET and Fred Brown, P, Geo. of P&E Mining Consultants Inc. (“P&E”), Independent Qualified Persons (“QP”), as defined by National instrument 43-101.
2. All Mineral Resources have been estimated in accordance with Canadian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy and Petroleum (“CIM”) definitions, as required under National Instrument 43-101 (“NI43-101”).
3. Mineral Resources were constrained using continuous mining units demonstrating reasonable prospects of eventual economic extraction.
4. Silver and Gold Equivalents were calculated from the interpolated block values using relative process recoveries and prices between the component metals and silver to determine a final AgEq and AuEq values.
5. Silver and Gold Equivalents and NSR$/t values were calculated using average long-term prices of $20/oz silver, $1,700/oz gold, $3.50/lb copper, $0.95/lb lead and $1.45/lb zinc. All metal prices are stated in $USD. The C$100/tonne NSR cut-off grade value for the underground Mineral Resource was derived from mining costs of C$70/t, with process costs of C$20/t and G&A of C$10/t. Process recoveries used were Au 70%, Ag 80%, Cu 80%, Pb 81% and Zn 90%.
6. Grade capping was performed on 1m composites for the No. 3 and NG-3 veins and whole vein composites for the Camp and Sveinson veins. For the No. 3 and NG-3 veins Inverse distance cubed (I/d3) was utilized for grade interpolation for Au and Ag and inverse distance squared (I/d2) was utilized for Cu, Pb and Zn. Inverse distance squared (I/d2) was used for all metals in the Camp and Sveinson veins.
7. A bulk density of 3.56t/m3 was used for all tonnage calculations in the No. 3 and NG-3 veins. A variable density with a 3.15 average was used for the Camp and Sveinson veins.
8. Mineral Resources are not Mineral Reserves until they have demonstrated economic viability. Mineral Resource Estimates do not account for a Mineral Resource’s mineability, selectivity, mining loss, or dilution.
9. An Inferred Mineral Resource has a lower level of confidence than that applying to an Indicated Mineral Resource and must not be converted to a Mineral Reserve. It is reasonably expected that the majority of Inferred Mineral Resources could be upgraded to Indicated Mineral Resources with continued exploration.
10. All figures are rounded to reflect the relative accuracy of the estimate and therefore numbers may not appear to add precisely.